What Is Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS)?
Answer:
The AIDS was reported by some physicians in early 1980's within young males having one or more of complex symptoms such as severe pneumonia, a rare vascular cancer, sudden mass loss, swollen lymph nodes and general loss of immune functions. All these young patients were homosexuals. Soon after the disease be discovered in no homosexual patients who were given blood (blood transfusion) or blood products. In 1984 the agent causing the disease be identified by research teams from Pasteur Institute in France and National Institute of health within U.S.A. In 1986 the virus was named as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).
The major cell infected by HIV is the supporter T-lymphocyte, which is major component of immune system. As the HIV infection continues in the host, the decrease of supporter T-lymphocytes results in failure of the immune system and the infected person become susceptible to other diseases. Cells in central nervous system can also be infected by HIV. Recent studies on HIV reveal that the virus infects and multiplies within monkey but does not cause disease in them, which means that HIV is host specific.
Prevention of intravenous drugs next to common syringes and use of sterile needles/syringes and utensils is important. Now vaccine against HIV has be synthesized and its experimental administration in humans started in impulsive 2001 in South Africa.
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